Bibliography

This curated collection features scholarly publications, book chapters, technical reports, and research outputs that discuss or implement the Linked Art model, API specifications, and community initiatives.

Entries are arranged in chronological order (newest to oldest) and then alphabetically by author's last name within each year. Please note that the Linked Art model has evolved significantly over time, with version 1.0 being officially released in February 2025. While the model was relatively stable throughout 2024 with minor changes, publications prior to 2024 may reference earlier development iterations of the model during its formative stages, before standardization was complete.

To suggest additions to this bibliography, please submit a pull request or open an issue on GitHub, send a message on the Linked Art Slack workspace, or post to the Linked Art Google Group.

2025

Dressen, A. (2025). Cultural Heritage Data for Research – An Introduction. Open Library of Humanities, 11(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.16995/olh.18710

Middle, S., Aristeidou, M., Barker, E., Pett, D., & Alcock, S. (2025). Discovering Object Stories: Linking Unstructured Museum Data Through Semantic Annotation. Journal of Open Humanities Data, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.5334/johd.273

2024

Cross, M. (2024). Linked Open Data & Ontology Trends in the Cultural Heritage Sector: Current Projects, Future Directions, and the Case for Provenance [Master's thesis, University of North Carolina]. https://doi.org/10.17615/7maj-3220

Daquino, M. (2024). Photo Archives and Linked Open Data. The Added Value. Open Library of Humanities, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.16995/olh.15232

Hou, Y., & Kenderdine, S. (2024). Ontology-based knowledge representation for traditional martial arts. Digital Scholarship in the Humanities, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1093/llc/fqae005

McInerney, P., & O'Neill, B. (2024). The Art of Memory: Archiving Street Art using the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model. IFAC-PapersOnLine, 58(3), 357–362. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2024.07.177

Raemy, J. A. (2024). Linked Open Usable Data for Cultural Heritage: Perspectives on Community Practices and Semantic Interoperability [Doctoral Thesis, University of Basel]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14716/148352

Raemy, J. A., & Sanderson, R. (2024). Analysis of the Usability of Automatically Enriched Cultural Heritage Data. In F. Moral-Andrés, E. Merino-Gómez, & P. Reviriego (Eds.), Decoding Cultural Heritage: A Critical Dissection and Taxonomy of Human Creativity through Digital Tools (pp. 69–93). Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-57675-1_4

Roberts, R., Abdul Jabbar, J., Dykes, N., Jones, H., Peszko, M., Madella, M., Orengo, H., & Petrie, C. (2024). Historical maps as a multifaceted LOUD resource. Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository. https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.108595

Sanderson, R. (2024). Implementing Linked Art in a Multi-Modal Database for Cross-Collection Discovery. Open Library of Humanities, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.16995/olh.15407

2023

Cornut, M., Raemy, J. A., & Spiess, F. (2023). Annotations as Knowledge Practices in Image Archives: Application of Linked Open Usable Data and Machine Learning. Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage, 16(4), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1145/3625301

Felsing, U., Fornaro, P., Frischknecht, M., & Raemy, J. A. (2023). Community and Interoperability at the Core of Sustaining Image Archives. Digital Humanities in the Nordic and Baltic Countries Publications, 5(1), 40–54. https://doi.org/10.5617/dhnbpub.10649

Manz, M. C., Raemy, J. A., & Fornaro, P. (2023). Recommended 3D Workflow for Digital Heritage Practices. Archiving Conference, 20, 23–28. https://doi.org/10.2352/issn.2168-3204.2023.20.1.5

Raemy, J. A. (2023). Characterising the IIIF and Linked Art Communities: Survey report (p. 29) [Report]. University of Basel. https://doi.org/10.5451/unibas-ep95340

Raemy, J. A., Gray, T., Collinson, A., & Page, K. R. (2023). Enabling Participatory Data Perspectives for Image Archives through a Linked Art Workflow. In A. Baillot, W. Scholger, T. Tasovac, & G. Vogeler (Eds.), Digital Humanities 2023 Book of Abstracts (Vol. 2023, pp. 515–516). Alliance of Digital Humanities Organizations (ADHO). https://doi.org/10.5451/unibas-ep95099

2022

Middle, S., Horne, R., A. McMeekin, D., Zuanni, C., & Butterworth, A. (2022). Geographies of Place in Digital Art History. International Journal of Humanities and Arts Computing, 16(1), 94–109. https://doi.org/10.3366/ijhac.2022.0279

Raemy, J. A. (2022). Améliorer la valorisation des données du patrimoine culturel grâce au Linked Open Usable Data (LOUD). In N. Lasolle, O. Bruneau, & J. Lieber (Eds.), Actes des journées humanités numériques et Web sémantique (pp. 132–149). Les Archives Henri-Poincaré - Philosophie et Recherches sur les Sciences et les Technologies (AHP-PReST); Laboratoire lorrain de recherche en informatique et ses applications (LORIA). https://doi.org/10.5451/unibas-ep89725

Rother, L., Koss, M., & Mariani, F. (2022). Taking Care of History: Toward a Politics of Provenance Linked Open Data in Museums. Perspectives on Data. https://www.artic.edu/digital-publications/37/perspectives-on-data/25/taking-care-of-history

2021

Delmas-Glass, E. (2021). Lessons learned from digital collaborations: Standards and descriptive practices. In L. A. Stuart, T. F. R. Clareson, & J. Ray (Eds.), Economic Considerations for Libraries, Archives and Museums (pp. 61–76). Routledge. ISBN 978-1-003-03710-1.

France, F. G., & Forsberg, A. (2021). Addressing the Challenges of Interoperability and Cultural Heritage Data. Archiving Conference, 18, 33–37. https://doi.org/10.2352/issn.2168-3204.2021.1.0.8

Kotis, K., Angelis, S., Chondrogianni, M., & Marini, E. (2021). Children's art museum collections as Linked Open Data. International Journal of Metadata, Semantics and Ontologies. https://www.inderscienceonline.com/doi/10.1504/IJMSO.2021.117107

2020

Delmas-Glass, E., & Sanderson, R. (2020). Fostering a community of PHAROS scholars through the adoption of open standards. Art Libraries Journal, 45(1), 19–23. https://doi.org/10.1017/alj.2019.32

Page, K. R., Delmas-Glass, E., Beaudet, D., Norling, S., Rother, L., & Hänsli, T. (2020). Linked Art: Networking Digital Collections and Scholarship. Digital Humanities 2020 Book of Abstracts, 504–509. https://dh2020.adho.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/139_LinkedArtNetworkingDigitalCollectionsandScholarship.html

Paquet, A. P. (2020). Linked Data and Linked Open Data Projects for Libraries, Archives and Museums: Constructing Pathways to Information Discovery and Cultural Heritage Sector Collaboration. Johns Hopkins Libraries. http://jhir.library.jhu.edu/handle/1774.2/63875

2019

Wildenhaus, K. (2019). The Possibilities of Constructing Linked Data for Art Exhibition Histories. Art Documentation: Journal of the Art Libraries Society of North America, 38(1), 22–34. https://doi.org/10.1086/702890

2018

Alexiev, V. (2018). Museum Linked Open Data: Ontologies, Datasets, Projects. Digital Presentation and Preservation of Cultural and Scientific Heritage, 8, 19–50. https://doi.org/10.55630/dipp.2018.8.1

Fink, E. E. (2018). American Art Collaborative (AAC) Linked Open Data (LOD) Initiative (p. 81) [Overview and Recommendations for Good Practices]. American Art Collaborative. https://hdl.handle.net/10088/106410

Newbury, D. (2018). LOUD: Linked Open Usable Data and linked.art. 2018 CIDOC Conference, 1–11. https://cidoc.mini.icom.museum/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2021/03/CIDOC2018_paper_153.pdf